How to Correctly Use an Asthma Inhaler

Introduction

Asthma is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Managing asthma effectively often requires the use of an inhaler. However, incorrect usage of an inhaler can lead to poor asthma control and increased symptoms. This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to correctly use an asthma inhaler to ensure maximum effectiveness.

Types of Asthma Inhalers

Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs)

• Description: MDIs deliver a specific amount of medication in aerosol form.
• Common Brands: Ventolin, ProAir, Symbicort.
• Usage: Often used with a spacer to improve medication delivery to the lungs.

Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs)

• Description: DPIs release medication in the form of a dry powder.
• Common Brands: Advair Diskus, Pulmicort Flexhaler.
• Usage: Requires a strong and fast inhalation to ensure the medication reaches the lungs.

Soft Mist Inhalers (SMIs)

• Description: SMIs deliver a fine mist of medication.
• Common Brands: Spiriva Respimat.
• Usage: Generally easier to use but still requires proper technique.

Steps to Correctly Use an MDI

Preparation

1. Shake the Inhaler: Shake the inhaler well to mix the medication.
2. Remove Cap: Take off the cap from the mouthpiece and check for any debris.
3. Prime the Inhaler: If using it for the first time or after a long period, prime the inhaler by spraying it into the air a few times.

Using the Inhaler

1. Position the Inhaler: Hold the inhaler upright and place the mouthpiece between your teeth, sealing your lips around it.
2. Exhale Fully: Breathe out completely to empty your lungs.
3. Inhale and Press: Begin to inhale slowly and deeply. At the same time, press down on the inhaler to release the medication.
4. Hold Your Breath: After inhaling the medication, hold your breath for about 10 seconds to allow the medication to settle in your lungs.
5. Exhale Slowly: Breathe out gently through your mouth.

Post-Use

1. Replace the Cap: Put the cap back on the mouthpiece.
2. Rinse Mouth: If using a corticosteroid inhaler, rinse your mouth with water and spit it out to prevent infections and irritation.

Using a Spacer with an MDI

Why Use a Spacer?

A spacer helps ensure that more medication reaches your lungs and less gets deposited in your mouth and throat.

Steps

1. Attach the Spacer: Connect the inhaler mouthpiece to the spacer.
2. Follow MDI Steps: Follow the steps for using the MDI up to the point of pressing the inhaler.
3. Inhale from Spacer: Breathe slowly and deeply from the spacer.
4. Hold Breath: Hold your breath for about 10 seconds.
5. Repeat if Necessary: If a second dose is needed, wait for a minute before repeating the process.

Steps to Correctly Use a DPI

Preparation

1. Load the Dose: Load a dose of medication according to the inhaler's instructions.
2. Hold Inhaler Properly: Keep the inhaler in a horizontal position.

Using the Inhaler

1. Exhale Fully: Breathe out fully, away from the inhaler.
2. Place Mouthpiece: Place the mouthpiece between your teeth and seal your lips around it.
3. Inhale Strongly: Inhale quickly and deeply to ensure the medication reaches your lungs.
4. Hold Your Breath: Hold your breath for about 10 seconds.
5. Exhale Slowly: Breathe out gently through your mouth.

Post-Use

1. Close the Inhaler: Follow the inhaler’s instructions to close it properly.
2. Rinse Mouth: If using a corticosteroid DPI, rinse your mouth with water and spit it out.

Tips for All Inhaler Types

• Consistency: Use your inhaler as prescribed by your doctor.
• Cleaning: Regularly clean your inhaler and any spacers or masks.
• Storage: Store your inhaler at room temperature and avoid extreme temperatures.
• Check Dosage: Keep track of how many doses you have used to ensure you don’t run out unexpectedly.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Not Shaking the Inhaler: Always shake MDIs before use.
• Incorrect Inhalation Speed: Inhale slowly with MDIs and quickly with DPIs.
• Not Holding Breath: Holding your breath helps the medication settle in your lungs.
• Forgetting to Rinse Mouth: Especially important for corticosteroid inhalers to prevent oral thrush.

Conclusion

Correct usage of an asthma inhaler is crucial for effective asthma management. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can ensure that you are getting the maximum benefit from your medication. If you have any questions or difficulties with your inhaler, consult with your healthcare provider for further assistance.

FAQs

How often should I use my asthma inhaler?

Use your inhaler as prescribed by your doctor. Maintenance inhalers are usually used daily, while rescue inhalers are used as needed for immediate relief.

Can I use my inhaler more frequently during an asthma attack?

Rescue inhalers can be used more frequently during an asthma attack, but if you find yourself needing it often, consult your doctor as your asthma management plan may need adjustment.

What should I do if my inhaler doesn't seem to be working?

Check if the inhaler is empty, clogged, or expired. If the issue persists, consult your doctor for advice and possible replacement.

Can children use the same inhalers as adults?

Yes, but children often need a different dosage and may benefit from using a spacer. Always follow the pediatrician's recommendations.

Are there any side effects of using an asthma inhaler?

Some common side effects include a dry mouth, sore throat, and hoarseness. Corticosteroid inhalers can cause oral thrush if the mouth is not rinsed after use.